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nitrogen elements

Nitrogen

Element 7 of Periodic table is Nitrogen with atomic number 7, atomic weight 14.0067. Nitrogen, symbol N, has a Simple Hexagonal structure and Colorless color. Nitrogen is a other nonmetal element. Trivial name of Nitrogen is pentels, pnictogens*. Know everything about Nitrogen Facts, Physical Properties, Chemical Properties, Electronic configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.

nitrogen-elements

History of Nitrogen

The element Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford in year 1772 in United Kingdom . Nitrogen derived its name from the Greek word nitron and ‘-gen’ meaning ‘niter-forming’

Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It is the lightest pnictogen and at room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless diatomic gas. Nitrogen is a common element in the universe, estimated at about seventh in total abundance in the Milky Way and the Solar System.

How to Locate Nitrogen on Periodic Table

Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 7 to find Nitrogen on periodic table.

Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Nitrogen on periodic table look for cross section of group 15 and period 2 in the modern periodic table.

Nitrogen Facts

Name
Nitrogen
Atomic Symbol
N
Atomic Number
7
Atomic Weight
14.0067
Phase
Gas
Colour
Colorless
Classification
other nonmetal
Group in Periodic Table
15
Group Name
Nitrogen family
Period in Periodic Table
2
Block in Periodic Table
p-block
Electronic Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p3
Melting Point
-210.1 °C
Boiling Point
-195.79 °C
Electronic Shell Structure
[2, 5]
CAS Number
CAS7727-37-9

Nitrogen Atomic Structure and Orbital Properties

Nitrogen atoms have 7 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 5] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 4S3/2.

nitrogen symbol
nitrogen isotop

Element Properties

Atomic Number
7
Number of Electrons (with no charge)
7
Number of Protons
6
Mass Number
12
Number of Neutrons
6
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)
[2 4]
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p2
Valence Electrons
2s2 2p3
Oxidation State
-3;-2;-1 1;2;3;4;5
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)
4S3/2

Atomic Structure of Nitrogen

Atomic Radius
56 pm (0.56 Å)
Atomic Volume
11.19640287773
Covalent Radius
75 pm (0.75 Å)
Van der Waals Radius
155 pm
Neutron Cross Section
1.91 σa/barns

Ground State Electronic Configuration of Nitrogen - neutral Nitrogen atom

The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Nitrogen atom is [He] 2s2 2p3. The portion of Nitrogen configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [He]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 2s2 2p3, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Nitrogen

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Nitrogen atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p3

Atomic Spectrum of Nitrogen

Nitrogen Atomic Spectrum

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

CAS Number
CAS7727-37-9
RTECS Number
RTECSQW9700000
DOT Hazard Class
2.2
DOT Numbers
1977
NFPA Health Rating
3

Nitrogen Chemical Properties: Nitrogen Ionization Energies and electron affinity

Valence
3
ElectronAffinity
7 kJ/mol
Electronegativity
3.04

Use of Nitrogen

Nitrogen is very useful to the chemical industry. It is used to produce Fertilizers, Nitric acid, Nylon, Dyes and Explosives. To make these products, nitrogen must first be reacted with hydrogen to produce ammonia.