Skip to content
fluorine symbol

Fluorine

Element 9 of Periodic table is Fluorine with atomic number 9, atomic weight 18.9984032. Fluorine, symbol F, has a Base Centered Monoclinic structure and Colorless color. Fluorine is a halogens element. Trivial name of Fluorine is halogens*. Know everything about Fluorine Facts, Physical Properties, Chemical Properties, Electronic configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.

fluorine-elements

History of Fluorine

The element Fluorine was discovered by André-Marie Ampère in year 1886 in France . Fluorine derived its name from the Latin fluere, meaning ‘to flow’

Fluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9. It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. As the most electronegative element, it is extremely reactive:almost all other elements, including some noble gases, form compounds with fluorine.

How to Locate Fluorine on Periodic Table

Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 9 to find Fluorine on periodic table.

Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Fluorine on periodic table look for cross section of group 17 and period 2 in the modern periodic table.

Fluorine Facts

Name
Fluorine
Atomic Symbol
F
Atomic Number
9
Atomic Weight
18.9984032
Phase
Gas
Colour
Colorless
Classification
halogens
Group in Periodic Table
17
Group Name
fluorine family
Period in Periodic Table
2
Block in Periodic Table
p-block
Electronic Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p5
Melting Point
-219.6 °C
Boiling Point
-188.12 °C
Electronic Shell Structure
[2, 7]
CAS Number
CAS7782-41-4

Fluorine Atomic Structure and Orbital Properties

Fluorine atoms have 9 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 7] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 2P3/2

fluorine atomic structure

Element Properties

Atomic Number
9
Number of Protons
9
Mass Number
18
Number of Neutrons
9
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)
[2,7]
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p5
Valence Electrons
2s2 2p5
Oxidation State
-1
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)

4S3/2

Atomic Structure of Fluorine

Atomic Radius
42 pm (0.42 Å)
Atomic Volume
11.2018886792 cm3
Covalent Radius
71 pm (0.71 Å)
Van der Waals Radius
147 pm
Neutron Cross Section
0.0096 σa/barns

Ground State Electronic Configuration of Fluorine - neutral Fluorine atom

The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Fluorine atom is [He] 2s2 2p5. The portion of Fluorine configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [He]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 2s2 2p5, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

 

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Fluorine

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Fluorine atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p5

Atomic Spectrum of Fluorine

Fluorine Atomic Spectrum

Regulatory and Health - Health and Safety Parameters and Guidelines

CAS Number
CAS7782-41-4
RTECS Number
RTECSLM6475000
EU Number
EU231-954-8
DOT Hazard Class
2.3
DOT Numbers
9192
NFPA Hazards
Oxidizing Agent, Water Reactive
NFPA Health Rating
4
NFPA Fire Rating
NFPA Reactivity Rating
4

Fluorine Chemical Properties :Fluorine Ionization Energies and electron affinity

Valence
1
ElectronAffinity
328 kJ/mol
Electronegativity
3.98

Use of Fluorine

What are the uses of fluorine? Fluorine is critical for the production of nuclear material for nuclear power plants and for the insulation of electric towers. Hydrogen fluoride, a compound of fluorine, is used to etch glass. Fluorine, like Teflon, is used to make plastics and is also important in dental health